Mobile communication base stations are often located in elevated areas, increasing the likelihood that the communication equipment rooms and transmission towers will be struck by lightning.

The foundation of base station construction is typically made of rock, which results in high grounding resistance and makes it difficult for lightning to discharge.

The base station's AC power supply lines are relatively long and have complex electrical loads, which severely impacts the safety of the communication power supply system.

The critical equipment at base stations consists of microelectronic devices that are very sensitive to various forms of lightning overvoltages, power system operating overvoltages, electrostatic discharge, and electromagnetic interference, making them susceptible to damage.